IMF Article IV reports

The International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s regular Article IV consultations are usually conducted annually with those small island developing states (SIDS) who are members of the IMF and result in the preparation of Article IV reports by the IMF. These provide country analyses of recent economic and public financial management trends, forward SIDS’ economic outlook forecasts and document the respective economic management challenges that they face.

Availability of IMF Article IV reports for SIDS

Article IV reports are available for the following SIDS:

• Antigua and Barbuda
• Aruba
• Bahamas
• Barbados
• Belize
• Cabo Verde
• Comoros
• Curaçao
• Dominica
• Dominican Republic
• Fiji
• Grenada
• Guinea-Bissau
• Guyana
• Haiti
• Jamaica
• Kiribati
• Maldives
• Marshall Islands
• Mauritius
• Micronesia
• Nauru
• Palau
• Papua New Guinea
• Samoa
• Sao Tome
• Seychelles
• Singapore
• Sint Maarten
• St Kitts and Nevis
• St Lucia
• St. Vincent and Grenadines
• Solomon Islands
• Tonga
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Tuvalu
• Vanuatu

N.B. Reports for Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten are also provided although they are not formal IMF members but participate as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Access SIDS Article IV reports

The most recently published International Monetary Fund (IMF) Article IV reports as at 4 January 2024 for SIDS can be accessed by clicking on to the country groups below:

• Article IV reports for SIDS countries A-C
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries D-H
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries J-P
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries S
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries T-V

N.B. Reports for Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten are also provided although they are not formal IMF members but participate as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. [The latest Article IV reports for Kiribati (2021) and Maldives (2021) are currently unavailable.]

Interested in other SIDS’ issues?

Interested in other issues affecting SIDS? Go to PFMConnect’s small island developing states Pinterest Board to access articles on a wide range of issues associated with SIDS.

IMF Article IV reports

The International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s regular Article IV consultations are usually conducted annually with those small island developing states (SIDS) who are members of the IMF and result in the preparation of Article IV reports by the IMF. These provide country analyses of recent economic and public financial management trends, forward SIDS’ economic outlook forecasts and document the respective economic management challenges that they face.

Availability of IMF Article IV reports for SIDS

Article IV reports are available for the following SIDS:

• Antigua and Barbuda
• Aruba
• Bahamas
• Barbados
• Belize
• Cabo Verde
• Comoros
• Curaçao
• Dominica
• Dominican Republic
• Fiji
• Grenada
• Guinea-Bissau
• Guyana
• Haiti
• Jamaica
• Kiribati
• Maldives
• Marshall Islands
• Mauritius
• Micronesia
• Nauru
• Palau
• Papua New Guinea
• Samoa
• Sao Tome
• Seychelles
• Singapore
• Sint Maarten
• St Kitts and Nevis
• St Lucia
• St. Vincent and Grenadines
• Solomon Islands
• Tonga
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Tuvalu
• Vanuatu

N.B. Reports for Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten are also provided although they are not formal IMF members but participate as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The latest Article IV reports for the Maldives (2022) is currently unavailable.

Access SIDS Article IV reports

The most recently published International Monetary Fund (IMF) Article IV reports as at 5 July 2023 for all SIDS can be accessed by clicking on to the country groups below:

• Article IV reports for SIDS countries A-C
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries D-H
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries J-P
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries S
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries T-V

N.B. Reports for Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten are also provided although they are not formal IMF members but participate as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The latest Article IV report for the Maldives (2022) is currently unavailable.

Interested in other SIDS’ issues?

Interested in other issues affecting SIDS? Go to PFMConnect’s small island developing states Pinterest Board to access articles on a wide range of issues associated with SIDS.

IMF Article IV reports

The International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s regular Article IV consultations are usually conducted annually with those small island developing states (SIDS) who are members of the IMF and result in the preparation of Article IV reports by the IMF. These provide country analyses of recent economic and public financial management trends, forward SIDS’ economic outlook forecasts and document the respective economic management challenges that they face.

Availability of IMF Article IV reports for SIDS

Article IV reports are available for the following SIDS:

• Antigua and Barbuda
• Aruba
• Bahamas
• Barbados
• Belize
• Cabo Verde
• Comoros
• Curaçao
• Dominica
• Dominican Republic
• Fiji
• Grenada
• Guinea-Bissau
• Guyana
• Haiti
• Jamaica
• Kiribati
• Maldives
• Marshall Islands
• Mauritius
• Micronesia
• Nauru
• Palau
• Papua New Guinea
• Samoa
• Sao Tome
• Seychelles
• Singapore
• Sint Maarten
• St Kitts and Nevis
• St Lucia
• St. Vincent and Grenadines
• Solomon Islands
• Tonga
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Tuvalu
• Vanuatu

N.B. Reports for Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten are also provided although they are not formal IMF members but participate as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The latest Article IV reports for Kiribati (2021) and Maldives (2021) are currently unavailable.

Access SIDS Article IV reports

The most recently published International Monetary Fund (IMF) Article IV reports as at 16 January 2023 for all SIDS can be accessed by clicking on to the country groups below:

• Article IV reports for SIDS countries A-C
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries D-H
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries J-P
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries S
• Article IV reports for SIDS countries T-V

N.B. Reports for Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten are also provided although they are not formal IMF members but participate as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The latest Article IV reports for Kiribati (2021) and Maldives (2021) are currently unavailable.

Interested in other SIDS’ issues?

Interested in other issues affecting SIDS? Go to PFMConnect’s small island developing states Pinterest Board to access articles on a wide range of issues associated with SIDS.

Does social media usage have any impact on country corruption levels? We have investigated the relationship between corruption and social media usage in Africa at a country level and present our findings below.

Methodology

Transparency International’s 2019 CPI scores published in January 2020 are taken to represent the measure of corruption in Africa.

The social media activity at a country level is taken as the subscriber numbers provided for Facebook by Internet World Stats at www.internetworldstats.com as at 31^stDecember 2019 and for Twitter by We Are Social as quoted in their ‘Digital 2020’ publication.

The Africa Population numbers are mid-year 2020 estimates taken from the United Nations Population Division published by Internet World Stats at www.internetworldstats.com.

Facebook data was available for 54 African countries in the CPI index but Twitter data was only available for 52 of those countries. These 52 countries were taken as our starting point.

We then removed from the list of 52 countries the 4 countries with distinctly higher corruption levels than the remainder as they did not offer results consistent with the remaining states which we consider to reflect the disruptive effect of very high corruption levels on social and economic behaviour. This leaves a sample of 48 countries.

Statistical robustness

The sample of 48 countries provides a confidence level of 95%. The margin of error is 5%.

Conclusion

The above results are relatively robust from a statistical perspective. These demonstrate that, for the data used in our two samples, a strong relationship exists between 2019 CPI scores and per capita penetration levels of country Facebook and Twitter subscribers. This implies that the greater the level of public intercourse via social media the lower the level of corruption in the country concerned.